Product Information
Registration Status: ActiveELOXATIN 5MG/ML CONCENTRATE FOR SOLUTION FOR INFUSION is approved to be sold in Singapore with effective from 2007-12-03. It is marketed by SANOFI-AVENTIS SINGAPORE PTE LTD, with the registration number of SIN13237P.
This product contains Oxaliplatin 5mg/ml in the form of INJECTION, SOLUTION, CONCENTRATE. It is approved for INTRAVENOUS use.
This product is manufactured by BEN VENUE LABORATORIES INC. in UNITED STATES, andSanofi-aventis Deutschland GmbH in GERMANY.
It is a Prescription Only Medicine that can only be obtained from a doctor or a dentist, or a pharmacist with a prescription from a Singapore-registered doctor or dentist.
Description
Oxaliplatin is a platinum-based chemotherapy drug in the same family as cisplatin and carboplatin. It is typically administered in combination with fluorouracil and leucovorin in a combination known as Folfox for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Compared to cisplatin the two amine groups are replaced by cyclohexyldiamine for improved antitumour activity. The chlorine ligands are replaced by the oxalato bidentate derived from oxalic acid in order to improve water solubility. Oxaliplatin is marketed by Sanofi-Aventis under the trademark Eloxatin®.
Indication
Used in combination with infusional 5-FU/LV, is indicated for the treatment of advanced carcinoma of the colon or rectum and for adjuvant treatment of stage III colon cancer patients who have undergone complete resection of the primary tumor.
Mechanism of Action
Oxaliplatin undergoes nonenzymatic conversion to active derivatives via displacement of the labile oxalate ligand. Several transient reactive species are formed, including monoaquo and diaquo DACH platinum, which covalently bind with macromolecules. After activation, oxaliplatin binds preferentially to the guanine and cytosine moieties of DNA, leading to cross-linking of DNA, thus inhibiting DNA synthesis and transcription. Cytotoxicity is cell-cycle nonspecific.
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption
- Bioavailability is complete following intravenous administration. When a single 2-hour intravenous infusion of oxaliplatin at a dose of 85 mg/m^2 is given, the peak serum concentration was 0.814 mcg/mL.
- Distribution
- * 440 L [single 2-hour IV infusion at dose of 85 mg/m^2] At the end of a 2-hour infusion of oxaliplatin, approximately 15% of the administered platinum is present in the systemic circulation. The remaining 85% is rapidly distributed into tissues or eliminated in the urine.
- Metabolism
- Oxaliplatin undergoes nonenzymatic conversion in physiologic solutions to active derivatives via displacement of the labile oxalate ligand. Several transient reactive species are formed, including monoaquo and diaquo DACH platinum, which covalently bind with macromolecules. There is no evidence of cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism in vitro.
- Elimination
Clearance
* 10 - 17 L/h [renal clearance]
Toxicity
There have been five cases of oxaliplatin overdose reported. One patient received two 130 mg/m2 doses of oxaliplatin (cumulative dose of 260 mg/m2) within a 24-hour period. The patient experienced Grade 4 thrombocytopenia (<25,000/mm3) without any bleeding, which resolved. Two other patients were mistakenly administered oxaliplatin instead of carboplatin. One patient received a total oxaliplatin dose of 500 mg and the other received 650 mg. The first patient experienced dyspnea, wheezing, paresthesia, profuse vomiting and chest pain on the day of administration. She developed respiratory failure and severe bradycardia, and subsequently did not respond to resuscitation efforts. The other patient also experienced dyspnea, wheezing, paresthesia, and vomiting. Most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥ 40%) were peripheral sensory neuropathy, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, nausea, increase in transaminases and alkaline phosphatase, diarrhea, emesis, fatigue and stomatitis.
Active Ingredient/Synonyms
Diaminocyclohexane Oxalatoplatinum | L-OHP | Oxalatoplatin | Oxalatoplatinum | oxaliplatine | oxaliplatino | oxaliplatinum | Oxaliplatin |
Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.