Product Information
Registration Status: ActiveOSMOFUNDIN INJECTION 20% is approved to be sold in Singapore with effective from 1991-05-27. It is marketed by B. BRAUN SINGAPORE PTE LTD, with the registration number of SIN05957P.
This product contains Mannitol 17.5g/100ml, and Sorbitol 2.5g/100ml in the form of INJECTION. It is approved for INTRAVENOUS use.
This product is manufactured by B BRAUN MEDICAL INDUSTRIES SDN BHD in MALAYSIA.
It is an Over-the-counter Medicine that can be freely obtained from any retailer
Description
Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that is metabolically inert in humans and occurs naturally, as a sugar or sugar alcohol, in fruits and vegetables. Mannitol elevates blood plasma osmolality, resulting in enhanced flow of water from tissues, including the brain and cerebrospinal fluid, into interstitial fluid and plasma. As a result, cerebral edema, elevated intracranial pressure, and cerebrospinal fluid volume and pressure may be reduced. Mannitol may also be used for the promotion of diuresis before irreversible renal failure becomes established; the promotion of urinary excretion of toxic substances; as an Antiglaucoma agent; and as a renal function diagnostic aid.
Indication
Used for the promotion of diuresis before irreversible renal failure becomes established, the reduction of intracranial pressure, the treatment of cerebral edema, and the promotion of urinary excretion of toxic substances.
Mechanism of Action
Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that is metabolically inert in humans and occurs naturally, as a sugar or sugar alcohol, in fruits and vegetables. Mannitol elevates blood plasma osmolality, resulting in enhanced flow of water from tissues, including the brain and cerebrospinal fluid, into interstitial fluid and plasma. As a result, cerebral edema, elevated intracranial pressure, and cerebrospinal fluid volume and pressure may be reduced. As a diurectic mannitol induces diuresis because it is not reabsorbed in the renal tubule, thereby increasing the osmolality of the glomerular filtrate, facilitating excretion of water, and inhibiting the renal tubular reabsorption of sodium, chloride, and other solutes. Mannitol promotes the urinary excretion of toxic materials and protects against nephrotoxicity by preventing the concentration of toxic substances in the tubular fluid. As an Antiglaucoma agent mannitol levates blood plasma osmolarity, resulting in enhanced flow of water from the eye into plasma and a consequent reduction in intraocular pressure. As a renal function diagnostic aid mannitol is freely filtered by the glomeruli with less than 10% tubular reabsorption. Therefore, its urinary excretion rate may serve as a measurement of glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption
- Approximately 7% of ingested mannitol is absorbed during gastrointestinal perfusion in uremic patients.
- Distribution
- Metabolism
- Mannitol is metabolized only slightly, if at all, to glycogen in the liver.
- Elimination
Toxicity
LD50=1700 mg/kg (rat oral)
Active Ingredient/Synonyms
(2R,3R,4R,5R)-Hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexaol | (2R,3R,4R,5R)-Hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol | D-(-)-Mannitol | D-Mannitol | e 421 | e421 | Fraxinine | Manitol | Manna Sugar | Mannit | Mannite | Mannitol | Mannitolum | Mannitol |
Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.
Description
A polyhydric alcohol with about half the sweetness of sucrose. Sorbitol occurs naturally and is also produced synthetically from glucose. It was formerly used as a diuretic and may still be used as a laxative and in irrigating solutions for some surgical procedures.
Indication
Used as a non-stimulant laxative via an oral suspension or enema.
Mechanism of Action
Sorbitol exerts its laxative effect by drawing water into the large intestine, thereby stimulating bowel movements.
Toxicity
Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 15900 mg/kg [Rat].
Active Ingredient/Synonyms
(−)-sorbitol | D-(−)-sorbitol | D-glucitol | D-Sorbit | D-Sorbitol | G-ol | L-Gulitol | Sorbitol |
Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.