Product Information
Registration Status: ActiveSIN10803P
AXCEL PAPAIN TABLET 10,000 UNITS is approved to be sold in Singapore with effective from 1999-12-03. It is marketed by KOTRA PHARMA MARKETING, with the registration number of SIN10803P.
This product contains Papain 10000 units in the form of TABLET. It is approved for ORAL use.
This product is manufactured by KOTRA PHARMA (M) SDN BHD in MALAYSIA.
It is an Over-the-counter Medicine that can be freely obtained from any retailer
Product Reference
Important Note: For generic product, the SPC/PIL provided may not be brand specific.
{{/items}} {{^items}}Description
Papain, also known as papaya proteinase I, is a cysteine protease (EC 3.4.22.2) enzyme that is found in species of papaya, _Carica papaya_ and _Vasconcellea cundinamarcensis_. The enzyme is found to be localized in the skin of papaya, and is collected from slashed unripe papayas as a crude latex. Papain is used in food, pharmaceutical, textile, and cosmetic industries. While it has been used for the treatment of inflammation and pain via topical administration, papain has also shown to have anthelmintic and tooth-whitening properties. Present in over-the-counter mixture products consisting of different digestive enzymes, its active site contains a catalytic diad that plays a role in breaking peptide bonds. Papain is also used as an ingredient in various enzymatic debriding preparations.
Indication
No FDA-approved therapeutic indications.
Mechanism of Action
When topically applied, papain induces an allergen-like inflammatory response via recruiting neutrophils, mast cells, and CD3-positive cells and by induction of a TH2-biased antibody response [A27253]. _In vitro_, treatment of papain resulted in the breakdown of tight junctions of primary human keratinocytes that maintain the epithelial barrier integrity. These tight junction proteins include zonula occludens-1, claudin-4, and occludin [A27253]. It is proposed that papain induces allergic responses via activation of TLR4, leading to an increase in neutrophils, CD3+ cells, mast cells, and CCL8-positive cells [A27253].
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption
- No pharmacokinetic data available.
- Distribution
- No pharmacokinetic data available.
- Metabolism
- No pharmacokinetic data available.
- Elimination
Clearance
No pharmacokinetic data available.
Toxicity
Acute oral LD50 of 200 mcu papain is 4000 mg/kg in rat and 12500 mg/kg in mouse [MSDS]. It acts as an irritant in case of inhalation or contact with eyes.
Active Ingredient/Synonyms
Papain | Papain |
Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.