CITRAVESCENT GRANULES

Product Information

Registration Status: Active

CITRAVESCENT GRANULES is approved to be sold in Singapore with effective from 1989-07-01. It is marketed by SANOFI-AVENTIS SINGAPORE PTE LTD, with the registration number of SIN02444P.

This product contains Citric Acid 1.23g/sachet,Sodium Carbonate 0.08g/sachet,Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate 1.32g/sachet, and Tartaric Acid Granular 0.40g/sachet in the form of GRANULE. It is approved for ORAL use.

This product is manufactured by SANOFI -AVENTIS Sp. z o.o. in POLAND.

It is an Over-the-counter Medicine that can be freely obtained from any retailer

Citric Acid
Sodium Carbonate
Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate
Tartaric Acid Granular

Description

A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability.

Toxicity

ORAL (LD50): Acute: 5040 mg/kg [Mouse]. 3000 mg/kg [Rat].

Active Ingredient/Synonyms

2-Hydroxytricarballylic acid | 3-Carboxy-3-hydroxypentane-1,5-dioic acid | Citric Acid, Anhydrous | Citronensäure | Citric Acid |


Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.


Description

Sodium Carbonate is the disodium salt of carbonic acid with alkalinizing property. When dissolved in water, sodium carbonate forms carbonic acid and sodium hydroxide. As a strong base, sodium hydroxide neutralizes gastric acid thereby acting as an antacid.

Indication

Used topically for dermatitides, mouthwash, vaginal douche; veterinary use as emergency emetic.Occasionally, for dermatitides topically as a lotion. Medication (Vet): In solution to cleanse skin, in eczema, to soften scabs of ringworm.

Mechanism of Action

Carbon dioxide from the tissues diffuses rapidly into red blood cells, where it is hydrated with water to form carbonic acid. This reaction is accelerated by carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme present in high concentrations in red blood cells. The carbonic acid formed dissociates into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. Most of the bicarbonate ions diffuse into the plasma. Since the ratio of H2CO3 to dissolved CO2 is constant at equilibrium, pH may be expressed in terms of bicarbonate ion concentration and partial pressure of CO2 by means of the Henderson-Hasselbach equation: pH = pk + log [HCO3-]/aPCO2

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption
The uptake of sodium, via exposure to sodium carbonate, is much less than the uptake of sodium via food. Therefore, sodium carbonate is not expected to be systemically available in the body. Furthermore, an oral uptake of sodium carbonate will result in a neutralization in the stomach due to the gastric acid.
Distribution
Distribution occurs naturally and is confined to the systemic circulation.
Metabolism
None.
Elimination

Toxicity

Man: LD50 (Oral) - 714 mg/kg, Effect: Behavioural,General Anesthetic : GI Ulceration or Bleeding from small intestine. Mouse : LC50 ( Inhalation ) - 1200mg/m3/2h : GI Other Change Mouse : LC50 ( Intraperitoneal ) - 117mg/kg Mouse : LD50 ( Oral) - 6600mg/kg Mouse : LD50 (Subcutaneous ) - 2210 mg/kg Rat : LC50 ( Inhalation ) 2300mg/m3/2H Rat: LD50 (Oral) - 4090 mg/kg

Active Ingredient/Synonyms

Anhydrous sodium carbonate | Carbonic acid sodium salt (1:2) | Carbonic acid, disodium salt | Disodium carbonate | disodium carbonate | Natriumkarbonat | Natrum carbonicum | Soda ash | Soda-ash | Sodium carbonate (anhydrous) | Sodium carbonate anhydrous | Sodium carbonate, anhydrous | Sodium salt of carbonic acid | Sodium carbonate |


Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.


Description

Sodium bicarbonate is a white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions.

Indication

Sodium bicarbonate is used for the treatment of metabolic acidosis which may occur in severe renal disease, uncontrolled diabetes, circulatory insufficiency due to shock or severe dehydration, extracorporeal circulation of blood, cardiac arrest and severe primary lactic acidosis. Also is indicated in severe diarrhea which is often accompanied by a significant loss of bicarbonate. Further indicated in the treatment of certain drug intoxications, including barbiturates (where dissociation of the barbiturateprotein complex is desired), in poisoning by salicylates or methyl alcohol and in hemolytic reactions requiring alkalinization of the urine to diminish nephrotoxicity of blood pigments.

Mechanism of Action

Sodium bicarbonate is a systemic alkalizer, which increases plasma bicarbonate, buffers excess hydrogen ion concentration, and raises blood pH, thereby reversing the clinical manifestations of acidosis. It is also a urinary alkalizer, increasing the excretion of free bicarbonate ions in the urine, thus effectively raising the urinary pH. By maintaining an alkaline urine, the actual dissolution of uric acid stones may be accomplished. Sodium bicarbonate acts as an antacid and reacts chemically to neutralize or buffer existing quantities of stomach acid but has no direct effect on its output. This action results in increased pH value of stomach contents, thus providing relief of hyperacidity symptoms. [PharmGKB]

Active Ingredient/Synonyms

Baking soda | Bicarbonate of soda | Carbonic acid monosodium salt | e 500 | e-500 | e500 | NaHCO3 | Natriumhydrogenkarbonat | Sodium acid carbonate | Sodium bicarbonate | Sodium hydrogen carbonate | Sodium hydrogencarbonate | Sodium bicarbonate |


Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.



Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.

References

  1. Health Science Authority of Singapore - Reclassified POM
  2. Drugbank