Product Information
Registration Status: ActiveEGOPSORYL TA OINTMENT is approved to be sold in Singapore with effective from 1991-12-01. It is marketed by EGO PHARMACEUTICALS (SINGAPORE) PTE LTD, with the registration number of SIN05339P.
This product contains Coal Tar Solution 5% w/w,Phenol 0.5% w/w, and Sulphur 0.5% w/w in the form of OINTMENT. It is approved for TOPICAL use.
This product is manufactured by EGO PHARMACEUTICALS PTY LTD in AUSTRALIA.
It is an Over-the-counter Medicine that can be freely obtained from any retailer
Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.
Description
Phenol is an antiseptic and disinfectant. It is active against a wide range of micro-organisms including some fungi and viruses, but is only slowly effective against spores. Phenol has been used to disinfect skin and to relieve itching. Phenol is also used as an oral analgesic or anesthetic in products such as Chloraseptic to treat pharyngitis. Additionally, phenol and its related compounds are used in surgical ingrown toenail treatment, a process termed phenolization. Research indicates that parental exposure to phenol and its related compounds are positively associated with spontaneous abortion. During the second world war, phenol injections were used as a means of execution by the Nazis. Phenol is a toxic compound whose vapours are corrosive to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract.
Indication
Phenol is primarily indicated for minor sore throat pain, sore mouth, minor mouth irritation, and pain associated with canker sores. Additionally, phenol is indicated in the treatment of focal spasticity.
Mechanism of Action
Phenol is a potent proteolytic agent. Concentrations in the 5% to 7% range dissolve tissue on contact via proteolysis. In high concentrations when injected next to a nerve, phenol produces a chemical neurolysis which is nonselective across nerve fiber size and most prominent on its outer aspect. Local anesthetic effects occur within 5-10 minutes.
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption
- Phenol is rapidly absorbed through the skin and into the lungs.
- Distribution
- At I5 min after exposure, the liver contained the highest level of phenol, consisting mainly of free phenol. After 82 minutes post administration, phenol is uniformly distributed in the liver, blood, kidneys, lungs, along with the heart, testes, thymus and the spleen. With the passage of time, the proportion of free to conjugated phenol changed. By 360 minutes most phenol appears in conjugated forms.
- Metabolism
- Phenyl sulfate, phenyl glucuronide, quinol sulfate, and quinol glucuronide were detected in human beings as phenol metabolites.
- Elimination
Clearance
In rabbits, 72% is excreted in the urine, 1% in the feces, 4% in the carcass following sacrifice, and trace amounts were exhaled.
Toxicity
Mouse, Subcutaneous, LD50: 0.3-0.35 g/kg. (Duplay and Cazin, 1891; Tollens, 1905). Rat, Subcutaneous, LD50: 0.45. (Deichmann and Witherup, 1944). Rat, Oral, LD50: 0.53. (Deichmann and Witherup, 1944). Rat, Oral, LD50: 0.65. (Flickinger, 1976). Rat, Cutaneous, LD50: 0.67. (Conning and Hayes, 1970).
Active Ingredient/Synonyms
Acide carbolique | Acide phenique | Benzenol | Carbolic acid | Carbolsaeure | Hydroxybenzene | Karbolsaeure | Monohydroxybenzene | Oxybenzene | Phenic Acid | Phenol | Phenyl alcohol | Phenyl hydroxide | Phenylic Acid | Phenylic alcohol | PHOH | Phenol |
Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.
Description
Sulfur hexafluoride is an ultrasound contrast agent indicated for use •in echocardiography to opacify the left ventricular chamber and to improve the delineation of the left ventricular endocardial border in adult patients with suboptimal echocardiograms •in ultrasonography of the liver for characterization of focal liver lesions in adult and pediatric patients
Indication
Echocardiography: Sulfur hexafluoride is indicated for use in adult patients with suboptimal echocardiograms to opacify the left ventricular chamber and to improve the delineation of the left ventricularendocardial border. Ultrasonography of the Liver: Sulfur hexafluoride is indicated for use with ultrasound of the liver in adult and pediatric patients to characterize focal liver lesions.
Mechanism of Action
Within the blood, the acoustic impedance of Lumason microspheres is lower than that of the surrounding non-aqueous tissue. Therefore, an ultrasound beam is reflected from the interface between the microspheres and the surrounding tissue. The reflected ultrasound signal provides a visual image that shows a contrast between the blood and the surrounding tissues.
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption
- The pharmacokinetic of the SF6 gas component of Lumason was evaluated in 12 healthy adult subjects (7 men and 5 women). After intravenous bolus injections of 0.03 mL/kg and 0.3 mL/kg of Lumason, corresponding to approximately 1 and 10 times the recommended doses, concentrations of SF6 in blood peaked within 1 to 2 minutes for both doses.
- Distribution
- In a study of healthy subjects, the mean values for the apparent steady-state volume of distribution of SF6 were 341 L and 710 L for Lumason doses of 0.03 mL/kg and 0.3 mL/kg, respectively. Preferential distribution to the lung is likely responsible for these values.
- Metabolism
- SF6 undergoes little or no biotransformation; 88% of an administered dose is recovered unchanged in expired air.
- Elimination
Active Ingredient/Synonyms
hexafluoridosulfur | Sulfur fluoride | sulfur(6+) fluoride | sulfur(VI) fluoride | Sulphur hexafluoride | Sulfur hexafluoride |
Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.