Product Information
Registration Status: ActiveMANNITOL INTRAVENOUS INJECTION 20% is approved to be sold in Singapore with effective from 1998-10-29. It is marketed by JOYSON PTE LTD, with the registration number of SIN10315P.
This product contains Mannitol 20g/100ml in the form of INJECTION. It is approved for INTRAVENOUS use.
This product is manufactured by EURO-MED LABORATORIES PHIL INC in PHILIPPINES.
It is an Over-the-counter Medicine that can be freely obtained from any retailer
Description
Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that is metabolically inert in humans and occurs naturally, as a sugar or sugar alcohol, in fruits and vegetables. Mannitol elevates blood plasma osmolality, resulting in enhanced flow of water from tissues, including the brain and cerebrospinal fluid, into interstitial fluid and plasma. As a result, cerebral edema, elevated intracranial pressure, and cerebrospinal fluid volume and pressure may be reduced. Mannitol may also be used for the promotion of diuresis before irreversible renal failure becomes established; the promotion of urinary excretion of toxic substances; as an Antiglaucoma agent; and as a renal function diagnostic aid.
Indication
Used for the promotion of diuresis before irreversible renal failure becomes established, the reduction of intracranial pressure, the treatment of cerebral edema, and the promotion of urinary excretion of toxic substances.
Mechanism of Action
Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that is metabolically inert in humans and occurs naturally, as a sugar or sugar alcohol, in fruits and vegetables. Mannitol elevates blood plasma osmolality, resulting in enhanced flow of water from tissues, including the brain and cerebrospinal fluid, into interstitial fluid and plasma. As a result, cerebral edema, elevated intracranial pressure, and cerebrospinal fluid volume and pressure may be reduced. As a diurectic mannitol induces diuresis because it is not reabsorbed in the renal tubule, thereby increasing the osmolality of the glomerular filtrate, facilitating excretion of water, and inhibiting the renal tubular reabsorption of sodium, chloride, and other solutes. Mannitol promotes the urinary excretion of toxic materials and protects against nephrotoxicity by preventing the concentration of toxic substances in the tubular fluid. As an Antiglaucoma agent mannitol levates blood plasma osmolarity, resulting in enhanced flow of water from the eye into plasma and a consequent reduction in intraocular pressure. As a renal function diagnostic aid mannitol is freely filtered by the glomeruli with less than 10% tubular reabsorption. Therefore, its urinary excretion rate may serve as a measurement of glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption
- Approximately 7% of ingested mannitol is absorbed during gastrointestinal perfusion in uremic patients.
- Distribution
- Metabolism
- Mannitol is metabolized only slightly, if at all, to glycogen in the liver.
- Elimination
Toxicity
LD50=1700 mg/kg (rat oral)
Active Ingredient/Synonyms
(2R,3R,4R,5R)-Hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexaol | (2R,3R,4R,5R)-Hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol | D-(-)-Mannitol | D-Mannitol | e 421 | e421 | Fraxinine | Manitol | Manna Sugar | Mannit | Mannite | Mannitol | Mannitolum | Mannitol |
Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.