Product Information
Registration Status: ActiveNAPHCON-A STERILE OPHTHALMIC SOLUTION is approved to be sold in Singapore with effective from 1990-06-13. It is marketed by ALCON PTE LTD, with the registration number of SIN04717P.
This product contains Naphazoline 0.025%, and Pheniramine 0.3% in the form of SOLUTION. It is approved for OPHTHALMIC use.
This product is manufactured by ALCON-COUVREUR NV in SINGAPORE, andALCON SINGAPORE MANUFACTURING PTE. LTD. in BELGIUM.
It is an Over-the-counter Medicine that can be freely obtained from any retailer
Description
Naphazoline is a rapid acting sympathomimetic vasoconstrictor of occular artierioles. It acts to decrease congestion of the conjunctiva and is found in many over-the-counter eye drops.
Indication
Naphazoline is primarily indicated in conditions like Corneal vascularity, Hyperaemia, Itching, Nasal congestion, and can also be given in adjunctive therapy as an alternative drug of choice in Sinusitis
Mechanism of Action
Naphazoline is a direct acting sympathomimetic drug, which acts on alpha-adrenergic receptors in the arterioles of the nasal mucosa. This activates the adrenal system to yield systemic vasoconstrction. In producing vasoconstriction, the result is a decrease in blood flow in the nasal passages and consequently decreased nasal congestion. The vasoconstriction means that there is less pressure in the capillaries and less water can filter out, thus less discharge is made.
Toxicity
Extended usage of Naphazoline can result in decreased effectiveness or a build up of tolerance against the drug. The number of receptors decreases, and when the administration of the drug is ceased, chronic congestion can occur; this is called rhinitis medicamentosa, commonly referred to as rebound congestion. Moreover long-term overdosing can cause degenerative changes in nasal mucous membranes that pose another health problem.
Active Ingredient/Synonyms
Nafazolin | Naphazoline |
Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.
Description
One of the histamine H1 antagonists with little sedative action. It is used in treatment of hay fever, rhinitis, allergic dermatoses, and pruritus. [PubChem]
Indication
Pheniramine is an antihistamine used to treat allergic conditions such as hay fever or urticaria.
Mechanism of Action
Antihistamines such as pheniramine appear to compete with histamine for histamine H1- receptor sites on effector cells. The antihistamines antagonize those pharmacological effects of histamine which are mediated through activation of H1- receptor sites and thereby reduce the intensity of allergic reactions and tissue injury response involving histamine release. Antihistamines suppress the histamine-induced wheal (swelling) and flare (vasodilation) response by blocking the binding of histamine to its receptors on nerves, vascular smooth muscle, glandular cells, endothelium, and mast cells. They effectively exert competitive antagonism of histamine for H1-receptors.
Active Ingredient/Synonyms
Feniramina | Pheniramine | Pheniraminum | Pheniramine |
Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.