Product Information
Registration Status: ActiveZYRTEC-D is approved to be sold in Singapore with effective from 2005-04-07. It is marketed by GLAXOSMITHKLINE PTE LTD, with the registration number of SIN13139P.
This product contains Cetirizine 5mg, and Pseudoephedrine 120mg in the form of TABLET, FILM-COATED. It is approved for ORAL use.
This product is manufactured by UCB FARCHIM SA in SWITZERLAND, andAESICA PHARMACEUTICALS S.R.L in ITALY.
It is a Pharmacy Only Medicine that can be obtained from a pharmacist at a retail pharmacy.
Description
A potent second-generation histamine H1 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, and pollen-induced asthma. Unlike many traditional antihistamines, it does not cause drowsiness or anticholinergic side effects. [PubChem]
Indication
For the relief of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis, perennial allergic rhinitis and the treatment of the uncomplicated skin manifestations of chronic idiopathic urticaria
Mechanism of Action
Cetirizine competes with histamine for binding at H1-receptor sites on the effector cell surface, resulting in suppression of histaminic edema, flare, and pruritus. The low incidence of sedation can be attributed to reduced penetration of cetirizine into the CNS as a result of the less lipophilic carboxyl group on the ethylamine side chain.
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption
- mean peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of 114 ng/mL at a time (Tmax) of 2.2 hours postdose was observed for cetirizine
- Distribution
- Metabolism
- Elimination
Clearance
* 53 mL/min [healthy]
Toxicity
Somnolence (sleepiness or unusual drowsiness), restlessness, irritability
Active Ingredient/Synonyms
Cetirizin | Cetirizina | Cetirizinum | Cetirizine |
Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.
Description
An alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used in the treatment of several disorders including asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists.
Indication
For the treatment of nasal congestion, sinus congestion, Eustachian tube congestion, and vasomotor rhinitis, and as an adjunct to other agents in the optimum treatment of allergic rhinitis, croup, sinusitis, otitis media, and tracheobronchitis. Also used as first-line therapy of priapism.
Mechanism of Action
Pseudoephedrine acts directly on both alpha- and, to a lesser degree, beta-adrenergic receptors. Through direct action on alpha-adrenergic receptors in the mucosa of the respiratory tract, pseudoephedrine produces vasoconstriction. Pseudoephedrine relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by stimulating beta2-adrenergic receptors. Like ephedrine, pseudoephedrine releasing norepinephrine from its storage sites, an indirect effect. This is its main and direct mechanism of action. The displaced noradrenaline is released into the neuronal synapse where it is free to activate the postsynaptic adrenergic receptors.
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption
- Pseudoephedrine is readily and almost completely absorbed from the GI tract and there is no evidence of first-pass metabolism.
- Distribution
- Metabolism
- Hepatic.
- Elimination
Toxicity
Common adverse reactions include nervousness, restlessness, and insomnia. Rare adverse reactions include difficult/painful urination, dizziness/lightheadedness, heart palpitations, headache, increased sweating, nausea/vomiting, trembling, troubled breathing, unusual paleness, and weakness.
Active Ingredient/Synonyms
(+) threo-2-(methylamino)-1-phenyl-1-propanol | (+)-(1S,2S)-Pseudoephedrine | (+)-Pseudoephedrine | (+)-psi-Ephedrine | (+)-threo-Ephedrine | d-Isoephedrine | d-Pseudoephedrine | d-psi-2-Methylamino-1-phenyl-1-propanol | d-psi-Ephedrine | Isoephedrine | L-(+)-Pseudoephedrine | L(+)-psi-Ephedrine | Pseudoefedrina | pseudoéphédrine | Pseudoephedrine D-form | Pseudoephedrinum | Psi-ephedrin | Psi-ephedrine | trans-Ephedrine | ψ-ephedrine | Pseudoephedrine |
Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.