Product Information
Registration Status: ActiveSIN02664P
BERODUAL SOLUTION is approved to be sold in Singapore with effective from 1989-04-28. It is marketed by BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM SINGAPORE PTE LTD, with the registration number of SIN02664P.
This product contains Fenoterol 0.5mg/ml, and Ipratropium 0.25mg/ml in the form of SOLUTION. It is approved for RESPIRATORY (INHALATION) use.
This product is manufactured by ISTITUTO DE ANGELI S.R.L. in ITALY.
It is a Prescription Only Medicine that can only be obtained from a doctor or a dentist, or a pharmacist with a prescription from a Singapore-registered doctor or dentist.
Product Reference
Important Note: For generic product, the SPC/PIL provided may not be brand specific.
{{/items}} {{^items}}Description
An adrenergic beta-2 agonist that is used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic. [PubChem]
Indication
Fenoterol is used for the treatment of asthma.
Mechanism of Action
Beta(2)-receptor stimulation in the lung causes relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle, bronchodilation, and increased bronchial airflow.
Toxicity
Symptoms of overdose include angina (chest pain), dizziness, dry mouth, fatigue, flu-like symptoms, headache, heart irregularities, high or low blood pressure, high blood sugar, insomnia, muscle cramps, nausea, nervousness, rapid heartbeat, seizures, and tremor.
Active Ingredient/Synonyms
1-(3,5-Dihydroxyphenyl)-1-hydroxy-2-((4-hydroxyphenyl)isopropylamino)ethane | 1-(P-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-((beta-hydroxy-beta-(3',5'-dihydroxyphenyl))ethyl)aminopropane | 3,5-Dihydroxy-alpha-(((P-hydroxy-alpha-methylphenethyl)amino)methyl)benzyl alcohol | 5-{1-hydroxy-2-[2-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-1-methyl-ethylamino]-ethyl}-benzene-1,3-diol | Fenoterolum | Phenoterol | Fenoterol |
Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.
Description
A muscarinic antagonist structurally related to atropine but often considered safer and more effective for inhalation use. It is used for various bronchial disorders, in rhinitis, and as an antiarrhythmic.
Indication
For maintenance treatment of bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Mechanism of Action
Ipratropium bromide is an anticholinergic agent. It blocks muscarinic cholinergic receptors, without specificity for subtypes, resulting in a decrease in the formation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Most likely due to actions of cGMP on intracellular calcium, this results in decreased contractility of smooth muscle.
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption
- Inhalation (local)-minimal; Nasal-rapid and minimal
- Distribution
- * 4.6 L/kg
- Metabolism
- Partially metabolized to at least 8 metabolites formed primarily via hydrolysis and conjugation. The main metabolites are N-isopropylnortropium methobromide, which is formed by enzymatic hydrolysis of the ester; α-phenylacrylic acid-N-isopropylnortropine-ester methobromide, which is formed by enzymatic loss of a water; and phenylacetic acid-N-isopropylnortropine-ester methobromide, which is formed by enzymatic loss of a CH3OH-group. These metabolites appear to be inactive.
- Elimination
Clearance
* 2.3 L/min (total clearance of active ingredient)
Toxicity
LD50=1001mg/kg (orally in mice)
Active Ingredient/Synonyms
Ipratropium cation | Ipratropium ion | Ipratropium |
Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.