Product Information
Registration Status: ActiveCITOCARTIN 100 INJECTION 1.7ml/CARTRIDGE is approved to be sold in Singapore with effective from 2005-07-03. It is marketed by STANDARD DENTAL CO PTE LTD, with the registration number of SIN12648P.
This product contains Articaine 40mg/ml, and Adrenaline 10mcg/ml in the form of INJECTION. It is approved for DENTAL use.
This product is manufactured by LABORATORIOS NORMON in SPAIN.
It is a Prescription Only Medicine that can only be obtained from a doctor or a dentist, or a pharmacist with a prescription from a Singapore-registered doctor or dentist.
Description
Articaine is a dental local anesthetic. It is the most widely used local anesthetic in a number of European countries and is available in many countries around the world.
Active Ingredient/Synonyms
Articaine | Articaine |
Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.
Description
The active sympathomimetic hormone from the adrenal medulla in most species. It stimulates both the alpha- and beta- adrenergic systems, causes systemic vasoconstriction and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the heart, and dilates bronchi and cerebral vessels. It is used in asthma and cardiac failure and to delay absorption of local anesthetics. [PubChem]
Indication
Used to treat anaphylaxis and sepsis. Also one of the body's main adrenergic neurotransmitters.
Mechanism of Action
Epinephrine works via the stimulation of alpha and beta-1 adrenergic receptors, and a moderate activity at beta-2 adrenergic receptors.
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption
- Usually this vasodilator effect of the drug on the circulation predominates so that the modest rise in systolic pressure which follows slow injection or absorption is mainly the result of direct cardiac stimulation and increase in cardiac output.
- Distribution
- Metabolism
- Epinephrine is rapidly inactivated in the body and is degraded by enzymes in the liver and other tissues. The larger portion of injected doses is excreted in the urine as inactivated compounds and the remainder either partly unchanged or conjugated. The drug becomes fixed in the tissues and is inactivated chiefly by enzymatic transformation to metanephrine or normetanephrine either of which is subsequently conjugated and excreted in the urine in the form of sulfates and glucuronides. Either sequence results in the formation of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-mandelic acid which also is detectable in the urine. Main metabolic enzymes include MAO and COMT
- Elimination
Toxicity
Skin, LD50 = 62 mg/kg (rat)
Active Ingredient/Synonyms
(-)-(R)-Epinephrine | (-)-3,4-Dihydroxy-alpha-((methylamino)methyl)benzyl alcohol | (-)-Adrenaline | (−)-adrenaline | (R)-(-)-Adnephrine | (R)-(-)-Adrenaline | (R)-(-)-Epinephrine | (R)-(-)-Epirenamine | (R)-(−)-adrenaline | 4-[(1R)-1-Hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]-1,2-benzenediol | Adrenaline | Epinefrin | Epinefrina | Epinephrin | Epinephrine | Epinephrinum | L-Adrenaline | levoepinephrine | Epinephrine |
Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.