Product Information
Registration Status: ActiveFRISIUM 10 TABLET 10mg is approved to be sold in Singapore with effective from 1988-01-06. It is marketed by SANOFI-AVENTIS SINGAPORE PTE LTD, with the registration number of SIN01591P.
This product contains Clobazam 10mg in the form of TABLET. It is approved for ORAL use.
This product is manufactured by Sanofi Winthrop Industrie in FRANCE.
It is a Prescription Only Medicine that can only be obtained from a doctor or a dentist, or a pharmacist with a prescription from a Singapore-registered doctor or dentist.
Description
Clobazam belongs to the 1,5-benzodiazepine class of drugs and is expected to have a better side-effect profile compared to older 1,4-benzodiazepines. It has been marketed as an anxiolytic since 1975 and an anticonvulsant since 1984. The oral preparation was FDA approved on October 21, 2011. An oral suspension is expected to be available in 2013.
Indication
For treatment and management of epilepsy and seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, a difficult-to-treat form of childhood epilepsy.
Mechanism of Action
Clobazam binds at distinct binding sites associated with the chloride ionopore at the post-synaptic GABA receptor. These GABA receptors are in various locations in the CNS (limbic, reticular formation) and clobazam increases the duration of time for which the chloride ionopore is open. As a result, hyper polarization and stabilization of the membrane occur as the post-synaptic inhibitory effect of GABA is enhanced.
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption
- After oral administration of clobazam, it is almost completely absorbed (87% of dose). Bioavailability relative to solution was almost at 100%. Food does not affect absorption. Tmax = 1-3 hours.
- Distribution
- Vdss = 100 L. This high volume of distribution suggests extensive distribution to body tissues.
- Metabolism
- Clobazam is extensively metabolized in the liver via N-demethylation and hydroxylation. Clobazam has two major metabolites: N-desmethylclobazam (norclobazam) and 4'-hydroxyclobazam, the former of which is active. Norclobazam is one-fourth the potency of clobazam. The main enzyme that facilitates the process of N-demethylation is CYP3A4, and to a lesser extent by CYP2C19 and CYP2B6. Norclobazam itself is also metabolized via hydroxylation, primarily by CYP2C19. The formation of 4'-hydroxyclobazam is facilitated by CYP2C18 and CYP2C19. A factor in determining extent of metabolism is the genetic profile of the individual patient as CYP2C19 is a polymorphic enzyme.
- Elimination
Clearance
Median estimated clearance = 2.49 L/h
Toxicity
The most common adverse effects include somnolence, pyrexia, upper respiratory tract infection, and lethargy.
Active Ingredient/Synonyms
1-phenyl-5-methyl-8-chloro-1,2,4,5-tetrahydro-2,4-dioxo-3H-1,5-benzodiazepine | 7-Chloro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-1,5-dihydro-benzo[b][1,4]diazepine-2,4-dione | Clobazam | Clobazamum | Clobazam |
Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.