Product Information
Registration Status: ActiveSIN12549P
MIDAZOLAM-HAMELN 1MG/ML INJECTION is approved to be sold in Singapore with effective from 2004-03-06. It is marketed by ZYFAS MEDICAL CO, with the registration number of SIN12549P.
This product contains Midazolam 1mg/ml in the form of INJECTION. It is approved for INTRAVENOUS use.
This product is manufactured by HAMELN PHARMACEUTICALS GMBH in GERMANY.
It is a Prescription Only Medicine that can only be obtained from a doctor or a dentist, or a pharmacist with a prescription from a Singapore-registered doctor or dentist.
Product Reference
Important Note: For generic product, the SPC/PIL provided may not be brand specific.
{{/items}} {{^items}}Description
A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH. [PubChem] Midazolam is a schedule IV drug in the United States.
Indication
The midazolam injection is indicated for preoperative sedation/anziolysis/amnesia. It is also an agent for sedation/anziolysis/amnesia prior to or during diagnostic, therapeutic, or endoscopic procedures. Midazolam can also be given intravenously for induction of general anaesthesia.
Mechanism of Action
It is thought that the actions of benzodiazepines such as midazolam are mediated through the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is one of the major inhibitory neurotransmitters in the brain. Benzodiazepines increase the activity of GABA, thereby producing a calming effect, relaxing skeletal muscles, and inducing sleep. Benzodiazepines bind to the benzodiazepine site on GABA-A receptors, which potentiates the effects of GABA by increasing the frequency of chloride channel opening.
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption
- Rapidly absorbed after oral administration. The absolute bioavailability of the midazolam syrup in pediatric patients is about 36%. The absolute bioavailability, if given intramuscularly (IM), is greater than 90%. Cmax, IM = 90 ng/mL; Tmax, IM = 0.5 hours. Following IM administered, Cmax for midazolam and its 1-hydroxy metabolite were approxiately one-half of those achieved after intravenous injection.
- Distribution
- * 1.24 to 2.02 L/kg [pediatric patients (6 months to
- Metabolism
- Midazolam is primarily metabolized in the liver and gut by human cytochrome P450 IIIA4 (CYP3A4) to its pharmacologic active metabolite, (alpha)-hydroxymidazolam (also known as 1-hydroxy-midazolam), and 4-hydroxymidazolam (makes up 5% or less of the biotransformation products). 1-hydroxy-midazolam is at least as potent as the parent compound and may contributed to the overall activity of midazolam. In vitro studies have demonstrated that the affinities of 1- and 4-hydroxy-midazolam for the benzodiazepine receptor are approximately 20% and 7%, respectively, relative to midazolam. It also undergoes N-glucuronidation via UGT1A4.
- Elimination
Clearance
* 9.3 to 11 mL/min/kg [pediatric patients (6 months to
Toxicity
LD50=825 mg/kg (Orally in rats). Signs of overdose include sedation, somnolence, confusion, impaired coordination, diminished reflexes, coma, and deleterious effects on vital signs.
Active Ingredient/Synonyms
Buccolam | Dormicum | Midazolam | Midazolamum | Midazolam |
Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.