Product Information
Registration Status: ActivePENOPEN 250 TABLET 250mg is approved to be sold in Singapore with effective from 1988-01-06. It is marketed by GOLDPLUS UNIVERSAL PTE LTD, with the registration number of SIN01608P.
This product contains Penicillin V 250mg in the form of TABLET, FILM-COATED. It is approved for ORAL use.
This product is manufactured by REMEDICA LTD in CYPRUS.
It is a Prescription Only Medicine that can only be obtained from a doctor or a dentist, or a pharmacist with a prescription from a Singapore-registered doctor or dentist.
Description
Phenoxymethylpenicillin (Penicillin V) is narrow spectrum antibiotic used to treat mild to moderate infections caused by susceptible bacteria. It is a natural penicillin antibiotic that is administered orally. Penicillin V may also be used in some cases as prophylaxis against susceptible organisms. Natural penicillins are considered the drugs of choice for several infections caused by susceptible gram positive aerobic organisms, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, groups A, B, C and G streptococci, nonenterococcal group D streptococci, viridans group streptococci, and non-penicillinase producing staphylococcus. Aminoglycosides may be added for synergy against group B streptococcus (S. agalactiae), S. viridans, and Enterococcus faecalis. The natural penicillins may also be used as first or second line agents against susceptible gram positive aerobic bacilli such as Bacillus anthracis, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, and Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. Natural penicillins have limited activity against gram negative organisms; however, they may be used in some cases to treat infections caused by Neisseria meningitidis and Pasteurella. They are not generally used to treat anaerobic infections. Resistance patterns, susceptibility and treatment guidelines vary across regions.
Indication
For the treatment of mild to moderately severe infections (e.g. dental infection, infections in the heart, middle ear infections, rheumatic fever, scarlet fever, skin infections, upper and lower respiratory tract infections) due to microorganisms.
Mechanism of Action
By binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, Penicillin V inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins; it is possible that Penicillin V interferes with an autolysin inhibitor.
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption
- 25% of the dose given is absorbed, 50-60% bioavailable
- Distribution
- Metabolism
- About 35-70% of an oral dose is metabolized to penicilloic acid, an inactive metabolite. Small amounts of 6-aminopenicillanic acid have been recovered in the urine of patients on penicillin G. A small percentage of the drug appears to be hydroxylated into one or more active metabolites, which are also excreted via urine.
- Elimination
Toxicity
LD50 >1040 mg/kg (Orally in rats with Sodium salt); Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, diarrhea, and, in rare cases, major motor seizures
Active Ingredient/Synonyms
(2S,5R,6R)-3,3-DIMETHYL-7-OXO-6-(2-PHENOXYACETAMIDO)-4-THIA-1- AZABICYCLO(3.2.0)HEPTANE-2-CARBOXYLIC ACID | (2S,5R,6R)-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-6-[(phenoxyacetyl)amino]-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid | 6-phenoxyacetamidopenicillanic acid | Fenoximetilpenicilina | Oracillin | Penicillin Phenoxymethyl | Penicillin V | Phenoxomethylpenicillin | Phenoxymethyl Penicillin | Phenoxymethylenepenicillinic acid | Phénoxyméthylpénicilline | Phenoxymethylpenicillinum | PV | Phenoxymethylpenicillin |
Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.