Product Information
Registration Status: ActiveQUININE SULPHATE TABLET 300MG is approved to be sold in Singapore with effective from 1988-04-29. It is marketed by BEACONS PHARMACEUTICALS PTE LTD, with the registration number of SIN00580P.
This product contains Quinine 300mg in the form of TABLET, SUGAR-COATED. It is approved for ORAL use.
This product is manufactured by BEACONS PHARMACEUTICALS PTE LTD in SINGAPORE.
It is a Prescription Only Medicine that can only be obtained from a doctor or a dentist, or a pharmacist with a prescription from a Singapore-registered doctor or dentist.
Description
An alkaloid derived from the bark of the cinchona tree. It is used as an antimalarial drug, and is the active ingredient in extracts of the cinchona that have been used for that purpose since before 1633. Quinine is also a mild antipyretic and analgesic and has been used in common cold preparations for that purpose. It was used commonly and as a bitter and flavoring agent, and is still useful for the treatment of babesiosis. Quinine is also useful in some muscular disorders, especially nocturnal leg cramps and myotonia congenita, because of its direct effects on muscle membrane and sodium channels. The mechanisms of its antimalarial effects are not well understood. [PubChem]
Indication
For the treatment of malaria and leg cramps
Mechanism of Action
The theorized mechanism of action for quinine and related anti-malarial drugs is that these drugs are toxic to the malaria parasite. Specifically, the drugs interfere with the parasite's ability to break down and digest hemoglobin. Consequently, the parasite starves and/or builds up toxic levels of partially degraded hemoglobin in itself.
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption
- 76 - 88%
- Distribution
- * 1.43 ± 0.18 L/kg [Healthy Pediatric Controls] * 0.87 ± 0.12 L/kg [P. falciparum Malaria Pediatric Patients] * 2.5 to 7.1 L/kg [healthy subjects who received a single oral 600 mg dose]
- Metabolism
- Hepatic, over 80% metabolized by the liver.
- Elimination
Clearance
* 0.17 L/h/kg [healthy] * 0.09 L/h/kg [patients with uncomplicated malaria] * 18.4 L/h [healthy adult subjects with administration of multiple-dose activated charcoal] * 11.8 L/h [healthy adult subjects without administration of multiple-dose activated charcoal] * Oral cl=0.06 L/h/kg [elderly subjects]
Toxicity
Quinine is a documented causative agent of drug induced thrombocytopenia (DIT). Thrombocytopenia is a low amount of platelets in the blood. Quinine induces production of antibodies against glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX complex in the majority of cases of DIT, or more rarely, the platelet-glycoprotein complex GPIIb-IIIa. Increased antibodies against these complexes increases platelet clearance, leading to the observed thrombocytopenia.
Active Ingredient/Synonyms
(-)-Quinine | (8S,9R)-Quinine | (R)-(-)-Quinine | (R)-(6-Methoxyquinolin-4-yl)((2S,4S,8R)-8-vinylquinuclidin-2-yl)methanol | 6'-Methoxycinchonidine | Chinin | Chinine | Chininum | Quinina | Quinine | Quinine |
Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.