VACODIL 12.5 FILM-COATED TABLET 12.5mg FOR ORAL USE

Product Information

Registration Status: Active

VACODIL 12.5 FILM-COATED TABLET 12.5mg is approved to be sold in Singapore with effective from 2014-02-10. It is marketed by APOTHECA MARKETING PTE LTD, with the registration number of SIN14643P.

This product contains Carvedilol 12.500mg in the form of TABLET, FILM-COATED. It is approved for ORAL use.

This product is manufactured by Aurobindo Pharma LTD (Unit III) in INDIA.

It is a Prescription Only Medicine that can only be obtained from a doctor or a dentist, or a pharmacist with a prescription from a Singapore-registered doctor or dentist.

Description

Carvedilol is a non-selective beta blocker indicated in the treatment of mild to moderate congestive heart failure (CHF). It blocks beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic receptors as well as the alpha-1 adrenergic receptors.

Indication

For the treatment of mild or moderate (NYHA class II or III) heart failure of ischemic or cardiomyopathic origin.

Mechanism of Action

Carvedilol is a racemic mixture in which nonselective beta-adrenoreceptor blocking activity is present in the S(-) enantiomer and alpha-adrenergic blocking activity is present in both R(+) and S(-) enantiomers at equal potency. Carvedilol's beta-adrenergic receptor blocking ability decreases the heart rate, myocardial contractility, and myocardial oxygen demand. Carvedilol also decreases systemic vascular resistance via its alpha adrenergic receptor blocking properties. Carvedilol and its metabolite BM-910228 (a less potent beta blocker, but more potent antioxidant) have been shown to restore the inotropic responsiveness to Ca²⁺ in OH^- free radical-treated myocardium. Carvedilol and its metabolites also prevent OH^- radical-induced decrease in sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺-ATPase activity. Therefore, carvedilol and its metabolites may be beneficial in chronic heart failure by preventing free radical damage.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Carvedilol is rapidly and extensively absorbed following oral administration, with an absolute bioavailability of approximately 25% to 35% due to a significant degree of first-pass metabolism.
Distribution: * 115 L
Metabolism: Hepatic. Carvedilol is metabolized primarily by aromatic ring oxidation and glucuronidation. The oxidative metabolites are further metabolized by conjugation via glucuronidation and sulfation. Demethylation and hydroxylation at the phenol ring produce three active metabolites with b-receptor blocking activity. The 4'-hydroxyphenyl metabolite is approximately 13 times more potent than carvedilol for b-blockade.
Elimination

Clearance

* 500-700 mL/min

Toxicity

Not expected to be toxic following ingestion.

Active Ingredient/Synonyms

Source of information: Drugbank (External Link). Last updated on: 3^rd July 18. *Trade Name used in the content below may not be the same as the HSA-registered product.